Feudalism was the dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants were obliged to live on their lord's land and give him homage, labour, and a share of the produce, notionally in exchange for military protection. Feudalism was a combination of legal and military customs in medieval Europe that flourished between the 9th and 14th centuries.Feudalism was based on the division of land by the king to nobles and vassals in return for their military service under the Feudal Levy. The land was the main source of the economy and was dependent on the peasants who worked on the land. The reasons for the decline of Feudalism during the Medieval period of the Middle Ages included: The Crusades and travel during the Middle Ages opened new trade options to EnglandEngland started to move from land-based economy to a money-based economy.   The Black Death - this reduced the population of England by one third. Labour became a valuable commodity.   The Peasants Revolt - Peasants realized their worth and demanded changes. Charters were granted but ignored by nobles.   More trade saw the growth of more towns.   Peasants moved away from the country into towns they were eventually allowed to buy their freedom.   The land was rented and the rights of lords over labor decreased. Armed men were paid a wage and Medieval warfare was financed by taxes and loansNobles became weaker - the Kings took back their lands and power.   A centralized government was established.

1. पंचायती राज मंत्रालय भारत सरकार की एक शाखा है जो राज्यों में विकेंद्रीकरण और स्थानीय शासन की चल रही प्रक्रिया की देखभाल करती है।

2.  पंचायती राज व्यवस्था ग्रामीण भारत की स्थानीय स्वशासन की प्रणाली है। जिस तरह से नगरपालिकाओं तथा उपनगरपालिकाओं के द्वारा शहरी क्षेत्रों का स्वशासन चलता है, उसी प्रकार पंचायती राज संस्थाओं के माध्यम से ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों का स्वशासन चलता है।

3.  पंचायती राज संस्थाएँ तीन स्तरहैं।

(1) ग्राम के स्तर :  ग्राम पंचायत

(2) ब्लॉक स्तर : पंचायत समिति

(3) जिला स्तर : जिला परिषद