You have eight brief passages with 10 questions following each passage. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives 

Time was when people looked heavenward and prayed, “Ye Gods, give us rain, keep drought away.” Today there are those who pray. “Give us rain, keep El Nino away.” 

El Nino and its atmospheric equivalent, called the Southern Oscillation, are together referred to as ENSO, and are household words today. Meteorologists recognize it as often being responsible for natural disaster worldwide. But this wisdom dawned only after countries suffered, first from the lack of knowledge, and then from the lack of coordination between policy making and the advances in scientific knowledge. 

Put simply, El Nino is a weather event restricted to certain tropical shores, especially the Peruvian coast. The event has diametrically opposite impacts on the land and sea. The Peruvian shore is a desert. But every few years, an unusually warm ocean current - El Nino - warms up the normally cold surface-waters off the Peruvian coast, causing very heavy rains in the early half of the year, 

And then, miraculously, the desert is matted green. Crops like cotton, coconuts and banana grow on the otherwise stubbornly barren land. These are the Peruvians’ anos de abundencia or years of abundance. The current had come to be termed El Nino, or the Christ Child because it usually appears as an enhancement if a mildly warm current that normally occurs here around every Christmas. 

But this boon on land is accompanied by oceanic disasters. Normally, the waters off the South American coast are among the most productive in the world because of a constant upwelling of nutrient rich cold waters from the ocean depths. During an El Nino, however waters are stirred up only from near the surface. The nutrient-crunch pushes down primary production, disrupting the food chain. Many marine species, including anchoveta (anchovies) temporarily disappear. 

This is just one damning effect of El Nino. Over the years its full impact has been studied and what the Peruvians once regarded as manna, is now seen as a major threat. 

The years of abundance is when  

सन साइन विटामिन है-

कोविड के दौरान पहली बार किस राज्य में विधानसभा चुनाव सम्पन्न हुए हैं?

'प्राइम ग्लोबल सिटीज़ इंडेक्स Q1 2021' रिपोर्ट किस इकाई द्वारा प्रकाशित की गई है?

नासा के अंतरिक्ष यान पार्कर सोलर प्रोब ने किस ग्रह से एक प्राकृतिक रेडियो सिग्नल की खोज की है?

Direction (A-E) : In the following passage, there are blanks each of which has been numbered. These numbers correspond to the question numbers; against each question, five words have been suggested, one of which fills the blanks appropriately.

It took the Delhi High Court to set right last week a largely inexplicable instance of official gender (A) it ruled that the Indian Navy must grant permanent commission to women as well, as the Army and the Air Force had to do following a 2010 order by a different bench of the same court. (B) now, women could qualify only for the Navy’s Short Service Commission with tenure of up to 14 years; this made them ineligible for pension and often unable to find other work they were qualified for, virtually midway through their working lives. Following the latest ruling, women who (C) for a permanent commission will be able to work until the age of 54, as their male counterparts do. The 19 women who filed (D) before the court argued that they had received the same training as their male counterparts and worked for a comparable number of years in different departments, but could go no further for the only reason that they were women. The High Court rightly ruled that it could not support any provision that would restrain the professional (E) of women. Grant of permanent commission would allow women to rise in rank along with the men, and gain pay parity.

Find out the appropriate word in each case. (A)

निम्नलिखित जानकारी का ध्यानपूर्वक अध्ययन करे और नीचे दिए गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिये: 

बारह व्यक्ति दो समानांतर पंक्तियों में, प्रत्येक पंक्ति में छः व्यक्ति इस प्रकार बैठे हैं कि अगल-बगल बैठे व्यक्तियों में समान दूरी है। पंक्ति-1 में K, J, I, H, G और V बैठे हैं और सभी का मुंह दक्षिण की ओर है। पंक्ति-2 में Z, Y, X, W, E और U बैठे हैं और सभी का मुंह उत्तर की ओर है। इस प्रकार, बैठने की दी गई व्यवस्था में एक पंक्ति में बैठे प्रत्येक व्यक्ति का मुंह दूसरी पंक्ति में बैठे प्रत्येक व्यक्ति के सामने है।
K, G के दायें तीसरा बैठा है । Z, E के दाएं दूसरा बैठा हैं । न तो Z न ही E का मुख G या K के सामने हैं । Z पंक्ति के किसी भी अंतिम छोर पर नहीं बैठा है । I का मुख Z या E के सामने नहीं है और I पंक्ति के किसी भी अंतिम छोर पर नहीं बैठा है । U और X के बीच केवल एक व्यक्ति बैठा है । न तो U न ही X का मुख G के सामने है । X पंक्ति के किसी भी अंतिम छोर पर नहीं बैठा है । V और J के बीच केवल एक व्यक्ति बैठा है । U, Y का तुरंत पड़ोस नहीं है। Z का मुख V के सामने नहीं है । W पंक्ति के अंतिम बाएं छोर पर बैठा है । 

निम्न में से Y के सामने कौन है ?

Gangubai Hangal was an Indian vocalist of Hindustani classical tradition who was awarded the Sangeet Natak Academy Award in 1973. From which of the following musical Gharanas did she belong?