निर्देश: कथनों में विभिन्न तत्वों के बीच सम्बन्धों को दर्शाया गया है। कथनों के बाद दो निष्कर्ष दिए गए हैं। उत्तर दीजिए।

कथन
 Z< U≤ D≤ A≤ M< S,
 Q> A≤ Y< G

निष्कर्ष

I. Z < Y
 II. S > Q

निम्नलिखित में से किस रिट को व्यक्तिगत स्वतंत्रता का बुलवर्क कहा जाता है-

निर्देश: कुछ समीकरणों को निश्चित प्रणाली के आधार पर हल किया गया है। उस आधार पर समीकरण का सही उत्तर ज्ञात कीजिए।

यदि 2 × 16 = 8; 8 × 8 = 1; 6 × 12 = 2, तो 12 × 144 =?

निम्न में से कौन सा पद दी गई श्रृंखला में प्रश्नचिन्ह (?)के स्थान पर आएगा?
FOX  ?   JSX  LUX  NWX

Read the following passage and answer the questions given after it.

The Celts who lived in Britain before the Roman invasion of 43 AD could be said to have created the first towns. Celts in southern England lived in hill forts, which were quite large settlements. (Some probably had thousands of inhabitants). They were places of trade, where people bought and sold goods and also places where craftsmen worked. The Romans called them oppida.

However, the Romans created the first settlements that were undoubtedly towns. Roman towns were usually laid out in a grid pattern. In the centre was the forum or market place. It was lined with public buildings. Life in Roman towns was highly civilized with public baths and temples.

From the 5th century Angles, Saxons and Jutes invaded England. At first, the invaders avoided living in towns. However, as trade grew some towns grew up. London revived by the 7th century (although the Saxon town was, at first, outside the walls of the old Roman town). Southampton was founded at the end of the 7th century. Hereford was founded in the 8th century. Furthermore, Ipswich grew up in the 8th century and York revived. However, towns were rare in Saxon England until the late 9th century. At that time, Alfred the Great created a network of fortified settlements across his kingdom called ‘burhs’. In the event of a Danish attack, men could gather in the local burh. However, burhs were more than forts. They were also market towns. Some burhs were started from scratch but many were created out of the ruins of old Roman towns. Places like Winchester rose, phoenix-like, from the ashes of history.

The thing that would strike us most about medieval towns would be their small size. Winchester, the capital of England, probably had about 8,000 people. At that time a 'large' town, like Lincoln or Dublin had about 4,000 or 5,000 inhabitants and a 'medium sized' town, like Colchester had about 2,500 people. Many towns were much smaller. However, during the 12th and 13th centuries most towns grew much larger. Furthermore, many new towns were created across Britain. Trade and commerce were increasing and there was a need for new towns. Some were created from existing villages but some were created from scratch. In those days you could create a town simply by starting a market. There were few shops so if you wished to buy or sell anything you had to go to a market. Once one was up and running, craftsmen and merchants would come to live in the area and a town would grow.

Who were the first creators of towns in England?

बौद्ध धर्म के प्रचार-प्रसार के लिए सबसे अधिक किस भाषा का प्रयोग किया जाता था?

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Chanhudaro was a tiny settlement (less than 7 hectares) as compared to Mohenjodaro (125 hectares), almost exclusively devoted to craft production, including bead-making, shellcutting, metal-working, seal-making and weight-making. The variety of materials used to make beads is remarkable: stones like carnelian (of a beautiful red colour), jasper, crystal, quartz and steatite; metals like copper, bronze and gold; and shell, faience and terracotta or burnt clay. Some beads were made of two or more stones, cemented together, some of stone with gold caps. The shapes were numerous – disc shaped, cylindrical, spherical, barrel-shaped, segmented. Some were decorated by incising or painting, and some had designs etched onto them.

Techniques for making beads differed according to the material. Steatite, a very soft stone, was easily worked. Some beads were moulded out of a paste made with steatite powder. This permitted making a variety of shapes, unlike the geometrical forms made out of harder stones. How the steatite micro bead was made remains a puzzle for archaeologists studying ancient technology. Archaeologists’ experiments have revealed that the red colour of carnelian was obtained by firing the yellowish raw material and beads at various stages of production. Nodules were chipped into rough shapes, and then finely flaked into the final form. Grinding, polishing and finally drilling completed the process. Specialised drills have been found at Chanhudaro, Lothal and more recently at Dholavira. Nageshwar and Balakot, both settlements are near the coast. These were specialised centres for making shell objects – including bangles, ladles and inlay – which were taken to other settlements. Similarly, it is likely that finished products (such as beads) from Chanhudaro and Lothal were taken to the large urban centres such as Mohenjodaro and Harappa.

Which of these statements is NOT true?

निर्देश : निम्नलिखित जानकारी का अध्ययन करें और प्रश्नों के उत्तर दें।
 छः टीमों अर्थात् A, T, M, X, L और P का मैच तीन महीने अर्थात् मार्च, अप्रैल और मई में दो अलग-अलग तारीखों 7 और 16 को होगा। सभी मैच विभिन्न शहरों अर्थात् मुम्बई, नागपुर, कानपुर, अहमदाबाद, चेन्नई और राँची में खेले जाते हैं। टीम X का मैच उस महीने में होता है, जिसमें 30 दिन होते हैं। टीम X और मुम्बई में खेले गए मैच के बीच दो टीमों का मैच होता है। मुम्बई में खेले गए मैच और चेन्नई में खेले गए मैच के बीच तीन टीमों का मैच है। टीम A और चेन्नई में खेले गए मैच के बीच एक टीम का मैच है। कानपुर में खेला गया मैच टीम A के मैच के ठीक बाद में खेला गया। टीम T ने अहमदाबाद में खेले गए मैच से ठीक पहले मैच खेला। T ने एक सम संख्या वाली तारीख को मैच खेला। टीम P और अहमदाबाद में खेले गए मैच के बीच दो टीमों का मैच है। टीम 1 ने राँची में खेले गए मैच से ठीक पहले मैच खेला। टीम M चेन्नई में नहीं खेलती है।

निम्नलिखित पाँच में से चार किसी निश्चित प्रकार से एकसमान हैं और इसलिए एक समूह बनाते हैं। इनमें से कौन-सा उस समूह से सम्बन्धित नहीं है?